A Topographical map consists of natural and man made features and is known for its relief line work, or know as contours. Contours are series of lines that repersent the earth’s surface. Esentialy contours give the map a third dimension, the dimesion of height and elevation. From contour lines we are able to depict and decipher we can visualize the lay of the land without being physically there. These maps can be of any size, ranging from the vast Rocky Mountains in the west to the backyard of your house.
What are their uses?
Topographical maps are can be utilised by government agencies, search and rescue outfits, and Engineers. Government can use these maps for town planning, 911 Emergency Access or road development. Search and Rescue would use these for planning search grids, learning road system and ease of terrain access. An engineer would use the contours of the map to design drainage systems, placement of septic systems or ensuring your walkout basement is at ground level. The topographical map of your lot would help with design of your property, regarding landscaping, boundary line setbacks, depths for services or power line placements.

Do I need one?
That is not truly a question you need to ask! Your land surveyor or engineer will determine if you need one or not. The land surveyor may be asked by your engineer to provide them with a Topographical Survey for a septic system design or lot grading purposes.